Mendel used garden peas to study heredity in an 8 year experiment, and discovered 7 different characteristics of pea plants, that he could study in an either-or form
He looked for patterns of inheritance throughout his many experiments
Mendel demonstrated with pea plants that both parents pass on to their offspring genetic factors that remain separate generation after generation
A gene is now defined as a segment of DNA whose sequence of nucleotides codes for a specific functional product; these products include ribosomal and transfer RNA and proteins
Most genes exist in more than one form, or allele; each allele of a particular gene has a different base sequence
The color variations observed by Mendel in his experimentation were probably due to differences between alleles of genes that encode enzymes involved in pigment synthesis
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